The altered mineral assemblage is important for hydrothermal uranium deposit prospecting. Compared to aerial or aerospace imaging spectroscopy，the ground imaging spectra is with the advantageous of fine spatial resolution and high signal to noise ration. In order to study hydrothermal alteration assemblage characteristics of uranium mineralization in Xiangshan，Jiangxi Province，drill core imaging hyperspectral data with the wavelength from visible-near infrared to short-wave infrared（VNIR-SWIR）were obtained by using HySpex ground imaging spectrometer. In order to identify the two basic types of uranium mineralization of fluorite-hydromuscovite type and alkali metasomatism type，the diagnostic spectral features were respectively analyzed and extracted from two aspects of single mineral and mineral assemblage of the alteration related to the uranium mineralization，and the spectral identification marks were established. It was found that illite can be divided into two types according to the characteristics wavelength locations: type I and type II. Kaolinite and the  assemblage of kaolinite and dickite，montmorillonite and type Ⅰ illite were recognized from the fluorite-hydromuscovite type uranium mineralization zone；chlorit，carbonate，hematite，I/C clay and type Ⅱ illite were recognized from the metasomatism uranium mineralization zone. Then，the alteration composition and structures of two types of uranium mineralization were analyzed based on the results of core alteration mapping by spectral matching model. Montmorillonite，type Ⅰ illite，assemblage of kaolinite and dickite，and kaolinite were followed by the distribution from the center of fluorite-hydromica type uranium mineralization to the periphery area. Carbonate，assemblage of chlorite and hematite，I/C clay，and type Ⅱ illite are followed by distribution from the center of alkali metasomatism type uranium mineralization to the periphery area. The distribution characteristics are the effects of superimposition and transformation of fluid. Finally，core imaging spectroscopy logging and three-dimensional modeling showed that the two types of illite have spatial zoning characteristics of upper type Ⅰ and lower type Ⅱ，which indicate that the two types of uranium mineralization also have similar spatial distribution characteristics. The above research provides a reference to the further uranium exploration in Xiangshan area.